“I’m not sinning. If Burton were doing what I am, it would be sin.” Joseph Wayne, the protagonist of John Steinbeck’s novel, To a God Unknown , utters those words. He is referring to his act of venerating a particular tree as sacred. He sees the spirit of his dead father in that tree. His brother, Burton, is a puritanical Christian for whom even the act of sex is a sin if it is indulged in except for the purpose of procreation. Burton thinks that Joseph is committing the serious, pagan sin of worshipping a tree. Joseph tries to explain away his love for the tree as a mere “game.” But his wife, Elizabeth, understands that it is much more than a game for him. However, she won’t condemn him as a pagan. She knows that her husband is a rare human being who has some peculiar qualities and proclivities. Rama, her eldest sister-in-law, had already told Elizabeth that individuals like Joseph were “born outside humanity.” S...