Skip to main content

Pessimism in Literature


A fellow blogger whom I requested for a review of my short story collection, The Nomad Learns Morality, turned down the request on the grounds that my stories were pessimistic.  “Howsoever wrongs have been done in the past and howsoever bleak the present may be appearing, optimism needs to be preserved in one way or the other, that's what I feel,” he wrote to me. 

It is almost impossible to come across such candidness in today’s world.  I found my respect for this blogger friend increase manifold merely because he cared to express his opinion so frankly.  That’s my pessimism and my realism.  When I say “It is almost impossible to come across such candidness in today’s world”, I’m expressing my pessimism.  But my respect for the friend’s candidness is my realism. 

Is it the duty of a literary writer to preserve optimism?  The lion’s share of the world’s best literature would be rendered trash if we answer in the affirmative.  From the great Greek classics to the contemporary Nobel winners, great literature is not at all optimistic.  Is the Ramayana optimistic?  Is the Mahabharata?

“Our sweetest songs are those that tell of saddest thought,” wrote P B Shelley, the Romantic poet who is still taught in the world’s universities that teach English literature.  While the Buddha suggested the Eightfold Path as a remedy for overcoming suffering, the literary writers discover the beauty in suffering.  The Buddha was a greater pessimist than Shelley!

Literary writers don’t preach ethics and moral codes.  They are not motivational gurus.  They don’t create nursery rhyme heroes. They explore life as it is.  They create narratives about life as they see and understand it.  Is there any classical narrative that has not its moorings in sorrow?  Is the literary re-creation of the sorrows of life pessimism? 

PS. These are some thoughts that flashed through my mind as I read my friend’s response.  I repeat that this is not an answer to him.  I respect his right to his views and more I admire his candidness.  But I thought it was important to explore my pessimism.  At the same time, I hasten to clarify that I’m not claiming any literary merit for my stories by writing this.  I’m nothing more than a blogger.  I don’t even consider me a writer. 


Comments

  1. Durga Prasad DashFebruary 18, 2017 at 8:18 AM

    If optimism was going to be the hallmark of literature, the books of the majority of all time great authors should have been banned by now. Everything is a tool for the art- optimism, pessimism, horror, melancholy. Yes, quite often the art reflects a facet of reality. If the reality is ugly, it is not mirror's fault

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Tomichan MatheikalFebruary 18, 2017 at 8:58 AM

      Perhaps, some people mistake literature for moral stories. Actually every good writer has a moral vision too but it comes through in subtle ways only. One has to learn to comprehend that subtlety.

      Delete
  2. Ravish ManiFebruary 18, 2017 at 9:57 AM

    In my opinion, Ramayana, Mahabharata, or any piece of literature is neither optimistic nor pessimistic. It depends upon the mindset of reader. Also, pessimism is not a bad thing.

    I fully agree with your statement that Buddha was a pessimist. For Buddha, there was no God and the world was just a reflection of sorrow, but despite that he reached. Pessimism was his way to reach enlightenment.

    As I see, pessimism and optimism are two ways to reach the same destiny. Also, I believe that the feeling of pessimism or optimism lie within individuals not on the observed objects outside. I guess we are familiar with the statement whether the tumbler is half-empty or half-filled.

    The concept of morality doesn’t go well with me. Moralists divide the Existence into two, choose one part of it and declare a fight with other. Also, morality is a subjective term; what appears moral to one may not appear moral to others.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Tomichan MatheikalFebruary 19, 2017 at 12:18 PM

      True, Ravish, literature is not about optimism and pessimism. It's a portrayal of life. In the beginning of the Mahabharata, the author clearly states that there's nothing in the book which you won't find anywhere else. Whatever is there in life is also there in the book, he means to say. Honesty and deception, truth and falsehood, jealousy and generosity, anything is available aplenty in the epic as in life. It's not about optimism. It's about life.

      Moralists and preachers are the most terrible people I have come across so far. I don't have much life ahead and hence I guess I won't meet worse people :) Preachers destroyed my life trying to mould it the way they envisage. Preachers killed the school where I worked and sent innocent people to jail just because they questioned the immorality of the preachers. Such is life. Literature cannot be just fables.

      Delete
  3. Rajeev MoothedathFebruary 18, 2017 at 4:23 PM

    Please share the name and contact ID of your blogger friend.It would be great to know him/her.
    This is not to take away anything from the fact that pessimism makes great literature…..

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Tomichan MatheikalFebruary 19, 2017 at 12:19 PM

      I hope the blogger friend will make his/her own statement here.

      Delete
  4. Roohi BhatnagarFebruary 20, 2017 at 11:39 PM

    I am yet to read n review the book. Really apologetic but you must understand my personal life is crazy busy :P. As for pessimism, yup, great literature is based on that. And as I read stories from panchatantra for my kids, I can't agree more.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Tomichan MatheikalFebruary 21, 2017 at 5:11 AM

      I know you were engaged with much more weighty matters than my book. :)

      I shall wait for the review, however.

      Delete
  5. ObserverDecember 24, 2022 at 1:57 PM

    As an artist you should worry but as a pessimist you don't need to. Many great pessimists got published posthumously.

    ReplyDelete

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

The Little Girl

The Little Girl is a short story by Katherine Mansfield given in the class 9 English course of NCERT. Maggie gave an assignment to her students based on the story and one of her students, Athena Baby Sabu, presented a brilliant job. She converted the story into a delightful comic strip. Mansfield tells the story of Kezia who is the eponymous little girl. Kezia is scared of her father who wields a lot of control on the entire family. She is punished severely for an unwitting mistake which makes her even more scared of her father. Her grandmother is fond of her and is her emotional succour. The grandmother is away from home one day with Kezia's mother who is hospitalised. Kezia gets her usual nightmare and is terrified. There is no one at home to console her except her father from whom she does not expect any consolation. But the father rises to the occasion and lets the little girl sleep beside him that night. She rests her head on her father's chest and can feel his heart...
16 comments
Read more

Liberated

Fiction - parable Vijay was familiar enough with soil and the stones it turns up to realise that he had struck something rare.   It was a tiny stone, a pitch black speck not larger than the tip of his little finger. It turned up from the intestine of the earth while Vijay was digging a pit for the biogas plant. Anand, the scientist from the village, got the stone analysed in his lab and assured, “It is a rare object.   A compound of carbonic acid and magnesium.” Anand and his fellow scientists believed that it must be a fragment of a meteoroid that hit the earth millions of years ago.   “Very rare indeed,” concluded the scientist. Now, it’s plain commonsense that something that’s very rare indeed must be very valuable too. All the more so if it came from the heavens. So Vijay got the village goldsmith to set it on a gold ring.   Vijay wore the ring proudly on his ring finger. Nobody, in the village, however bothered to pay any homage to Vijay’s...
47 comments
Read more

The Call of Islamic State

A year ago, the International Centre for Counter-Terrorism – The Hague (ICCT) reported that about 4000 people from the West left their homes and countries to join the Islamic State (IS).  Many of them are women.  The reporters had made a special study of the women who joined the terrorist outfit and found that it was difficult to categorise which type of women were particularly drawn to IS. “While most of the girls are young, some as young as fifteen,” says the report,  “there are also mothers with young children who make the trip. Some of the girls have difficulties in school and are said to have an IQ below average,  but there are also women who are highly educated. It also appears that even though a relatively large portion of the girls had (or still have) a troubled childhood, there are some who come from families with no known problems with the authorities. Most of the girls come from religiously moderate Muslim families,  yet some converted to Islam a...
33 comments
Read more

AAP and I

Who defeated Arvind Kejriwal?  Himself or us? His party ruled for just 49 days.  They were momentous days.  He implemented his promise on setting up a number for reporting corruption; in two weeks instead of the promised two days.  He met people to discuss corruption issues, though the crowd was beyond his control.  He did what he could.  He would have done more if he could.  He put an end to the VVIP culture in politics.  The politician became aam aadmi.  Ministers started travelling in vehicles without the screaming red lights and horrifying screeches.  But the police had to go out of their way to provide protection to the chief minister.  Who defeated the chief minister’s vision that political leaders need no such protection from their own people? He revolutionised the admission procedures in schools.  Schools which charged hefty amounts from parents illegally stood to lose.  The aam aadmi would have g...
25 comments
Read more

The Plague

When the world today is struggling with the pandemic of Covid-19, Albert Camus’s novel The Plague can offer some stimulating lessons. When a plague breaks out in the city of Oran, initially the political authorities fail to deal with it as a serious problem. The ordinary people also don’t view it as an epidemic that requires public action rather than as individual annoyances. The people of Oran are obsessed with their personal sufferings and inconveniences. Finally the authorities are forced to put Oran in quarantine. Father Paneloux, a Jesuit priest, delivers a sermon declaring the epidemic as God’s punishment for Oran’s sins. Months of suffering make people rise above their selfish notions and obsessions and join anti-plague efforts being carried out by people like Dr Rieux. Dr Rieux is an atheist but committed to service of humanity. He questions Father Paneloux’s religious views when a small boy is killed by the epidemic. The priest delivers another sermon on the necess...
28 comments
Read more